Coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking as the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to how it is now prepared for drinking. The coffee beans were procured by the Yemenis from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries, and cultivated in Yemen. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe.

In general, there’s over 120 varieties of coffee plants and each produces a different type of coffee bean, however the majority of the coffee we consume comes from just two variants, Robusta (also known as Coffea Robusta or Coffea Canephora) or Arabica (Coffea Arabica) or a blend of the two. The two varieties differ in taste, growing conditions, and price.

Coffee plants are cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Africa. As of 2023, Brazil was the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of the world’s total. Green, unroasted coffee is traded as an agricultural commodity. Despite sales of coffee reaching billions of dollars worldwide, farmers producing coffee beans disproportionately live in poverty. Critics of the coffee industry have also pointed to its negative impact on the environment and the clearing of land for coffee-growing and water use. The global coffee industry is massive and worth $495.50 billion as of 2023. Brazil, Vietnam, and Colombia are the top exporters of coffee beans as of 2023.

Approximately 70% of the coffee produced worldwide is Arabica and 30% is Robusta. The main differences between them are their taste and where they grow. When it comes to their difference in caffeine level, Robusta beans contain twice the level of caffeine than Arabica beans. Arabica beans have a milder, more aromatic taste while Robusta beans hold a stronger, more acquired flavor.

So In appearance the difference between these two Robusta is the ovular, flatter and fatter shape of Arabica beans compared to Robusta beans, for this reason Arabica coffee is sweeter, more flavorful and fruitier than Robusta coffee, and Robusta beans are slightly smaller. And they are rounder and their bitter taste is due to less oil in their seeds.

 One of the other differences between these two types is that Arabica coffee has less caffeine than Robusta. Robusta seeds contains about 2.7% Caffeine and Arabica seeds about 1.5%. The Robusta plant, as its name implies, is much more resistant than the Arabica coffee plant, and in addition to being more productive, it is cultivated in lower altitudes and cooler climates, while the caffeine in its seeds repels pests and makes it more resistant. It will be like this. On the other hand, the Arabica coffee plant is cultivated at higher altitudes and more sensitive weather conditions, and its species is less productive than Robusta. Arabica coffee is cultivated at a temperature of 16 to 25 degrees Celsius and at an altitude of 600 to 2000 meters above sea level, while Robusta coffee is cultivated at an altitude of up to 900 meters above sea level. All types of coffee need sunlight and rainfall, so it is cultivated only in areas close to the equator, i.e. 23 degrees north to 25 degrees south. The choice between these two types of coffee depends on the taste of consumers, and sometimes a combination of these two types of coffee is used according to the characteristics in question. Green coffee beans are one of the products offered by Arman Kimia Company, the process of identifying and purchasing a quality and suitable product has done directly by the company’s experts in Brazil. Brazil has been the largest producer and exporter of coffee in the world since 150 years ago, due to its geographical condition and favorable climate, in 2022, exported more than 2.2 billion tons of coffee, mainly Arabica, although Robusta coffee is also grown in Brazil. It is popular and more than 10 % percent of Brazil’s coffee exports are of this type. Another advantage of Brazilian coffee is product quality standardization, and buyers can be sure that they will receive the same product every time they buy by choosing the coffee beans they want.